{"id":62,"date":"2021-10-20T11:52:48","date_gmt":"2021-10-20T11:52:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/integration.ow.ch\/?page_id=62"},"modified":"2025-10-09T08:28:09","modified_gmt":"2025-10-09T06:28:09","slug":"politik","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/integration.ow.ch\/es\/schweiz\/politik\/","title":{"rendered":"Pol\u00edtica"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Suiza<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Pol\u00edtica<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Preguntas:<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-quick-and-easy-faqs-faqs-accordion-orderby-title-asc\">            <div class=\"qae-faqs-container qae-faqs-toggle-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul class=\"qe-faqs-filters-container\">\n\t\t\t\t<li class=\"active\"><a class=\"qe-faqs-filter all-faqs\" href=\"#\" data-filter=\"*\">Todo<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t\t\t<li><a class=\"qe-faqs-filter\" href=\"#Politik\" data-filter=\".Politik\">Pol\u00edtica<\/a><\/li>\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"qaef-190\" class=\"qe-faq-toggle politik\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"qe-toggle-title\">\n\t\t\t\t<h4>\n\t\t\t\t\t<i class=\"fa fa-minus-circle\"><\/i> 01. Wie ist das politische System der Schweiz strukturiert?\t\t\t\t<\/h4>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"qe-toggle-content\">\n\t\t\t\t\n<div class=\"inherit-container-width wp-block-group is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignright size-full is-resized has-custom-border margin-left: 10px\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"300\" height=\"203\" src=\"https:\/\/integration.ow.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/csm_F4-2_28586892_Schlierner_9dd8d0d771.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-191\" style=\"border-style:none;border-width:0px;border-radius:0px;width:300px;height:203px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>La democracia suiza se basa en la&nbsp;<em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.fedlex.admin.ch\/eli\/cc\/1999\/404\/de\"><strong>Suizo<\/strong>&nbsp;<strong>Constituci\u00f3n Federal<\/strong><\/a><\/em>. Dabei gibt es eine <strong>Gewaltenteilung<\/strong>. Damit ist gemeint, dass die Staatsgewalt auf verschiedene Staatsorgane verteilt ist. Auf nationaler Ebene sieht dies wie folgt aus:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>El\u00a0<strong>Legislativo<\/strong>\u00a0(gesetzgebende Gewalt) ist das nationale Parlament (besteht aus\u00a0<strong>Consejo Nacional<\/strong>\u00a0y el\u00a0<strong>St\u00e4nderat<\/strong>). <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>El\u00a0<strong>Ejecutivo<\/strong>\u00a0(poder ejecutivo) es el\u00a0<strong>Consejo Federal<\/strong>\u00a0(besteht aus sieben Personen). <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>El\u00a0<strong>Judicatura<\/strong>\u00a0(rechtsprechende Gewalt) besteht aus dem\u00a0<strong>Bundesgericht<\/strong>,\u00a0dem\u00a0<strong>Tribunal Penal Federal<\/strong>\u00a0y el\u00a0<strong>Tribunal Administrativo Federal.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Eine Gewaltenteilung besteht auch in den 26 Kantonen. Dort kann ihre Struktur jedoch variieren.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>M\u00e1s informaci\u00f3n:<br><a href=\"https:\/\/www.eda.admin.ch\/aboutswitzerland\/de\/home\/politik-geschichte\/politisches-system.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong><em>El sistema pol\u00edtico suizo<\/em><\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"qaef-187\" class=\"qe-faq-toggle politik\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"qe-toggle-title\">\n\t\t\t\t<h4>\n\t\t\t\t\t<i class=\"fa fa-minus-circle\"><\/i> 02 \u00bfQu\u00e9 caracteriza al sistema pol\u00edtico suizo?\t\t\t\t<\/h4>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"qe-toggle-content\">\n\t\t\t\t\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignright\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"300\" height=\"203\" src=\"https:\/\/integration.ow.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/csm_F3-2_04_www.parlamen.ch_19b3ca0b8d.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-188\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"inherit-container-width wp-block-group is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container\">\n<p>Suiza es un&nbsp;<strong>Estado de Derecho<\/strong> und eine&nbsp;<strong>direkte Demokratie<\/strong>. Das bedeutet, dass B\u00fcrgerinnen und B\u00fcrger bei \u00f6ffentlichen Angelegenheiten stark mitentscheiden k\u00f6nnen. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Die vier wichtigsten Eigenschaften:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>El&nbsp;<strong>las libertades individuales<\/strong>&nbsp;de cada persona est\u00e1n garantizados por la Constituci\u00f3n Federal.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Las minor\u00edas no se ven afectadas gracias a una\u00a0<strong>estructura estatal federalista<\/strong>\u00a0protegida. <strong><em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.aboutswitzerland.eda.admin.ch\/de\/foederalismus\">Federalismo<\/a><\/em><\/strong> bedeutet, dass die Kantone in der Schweiz sehr autonom sind. Sie handeln nach dem <strong><em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ch.ch\/de\/politisches-system\/funktionsweise-und-organisation\/foderalismus\/#subsidiaritatsprinzip\">Subsidiarit\u00e4tsprinzip<\/a><\/em><\/strong>. <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>El&nbsp;<strong>El derecho del pueblo a opinar<\/strong>&nbsp;ist in der Schweiz&nbsp;weit entwickelt.&nbsp;Mehrmals j\u00e4hrlich finden deshalb&nbsp;<strong>Referendos<\/strong>&nbsp;statt, bei denen die B\u00fcrgerinnen und B\u00fcrger mitentscheiden k\u00f6nnen.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Die B\u00fcrgerinnen und B\u00fcrger haben noch zwei weitere M\u00f6glichkeiten, sich in die Politik einzubringen: Die <strong>Iniciativa popular<\/strong>\u00a0und das <strong>Refer\u00e9ndum<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"qaef-195\" class=\"qe-faq-toggle politik\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"qe-toggle-title\">\n\t\t\t\t<h4>\n\t\t\t\t\t<i class=\"fa fa-minus-circle\"><\/i> 03. Welche Parteien gibt es in der Schweiz?\t\t\t\t<\/h4>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"qe-toggle-content\">\n\t\t\t\t\n<div class=\"inherit-container-width wp-block-group is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignright size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"300\" height=\"203\" src=\"https:\/\/integration.ow.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/csm_F7-1_www.parlament.ch_cf0b681d59.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-196\" style=\"width:300px;height:203px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Suiza es un\u00a0<strong>Mehrparteienstaat<\/strong>, wobei keine Partei die absolute Mehrheit hat.\u00a0Die vier gr\u00f6ssten Parteien im Land sind im Bundesrat (Landesregierung) vertreten (alphabetische Reihenfolge):<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>El medio<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Partido Democr\u00e1tico Libre. Los liberales (FDP)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Partido Popular Suizo (SVP)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Partido Socialdem\u00f3crata (SP)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Es gibt noch viele weitere Parteien im Land. Eine Liste aller registrierten Parteien der Schweiz finden Sie <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bk.admin.ch\/ch\/d\/pore\/pa\/par_2_2_2_3.html\"><strong><em>aqu\u00ed<\/em><\/strong><\/a>. <\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"qaef-197\" class=\"qe-faq-toggle politik\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"qe-toggle-title\">\n\t\t\t\t<h4>\n\t\t\t\t\t<i class=\"fa fa-minus-circle\"><\/i> 04. Was sind die wichtigsten B\u00fcrgerrechte?\t\t\t\t<\/h4>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"qe-toggle-content\">\n\t\t\t\t\n<div class=\"inherit-container-width wp-block-group is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container\">\n<div style=\"height:1px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-uagb-image alignright uagb-block-689a2386 wp-block-uagb-image--layout-default wp-block-uagb-image--effect-static wp-block-uagb-image--align-right\"><figure class=\"wp-block-uagb-image__figure\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/integration.ow.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/csm_F9-1_6242788_ChristianSchwier_0818197a42.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"203\" title=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" role=\"img\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Schweizerinnen und Schweizer haben viele M\u00f6glichkeiten, wie sie die Politik im Land aktiv mitgestalten k\u00f6nnen. Diese nennt man B\u00fcrgerrechte. Dazu m\u00fcssen sie mindestens 18 Jahre alt<strong> <\/strong>ser ciudadano suizo y tener la nacionalidad suiza.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container\">\n<p>Los derechos civiles m\u00e1s importantes son:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>El<strong> Derechos de voto y de elecci\u00f3n:<\/strong> Varias veces al a\u00f1o, los votantes deciden en referendos a nivel local, cantonal y federal.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>El<strong> Derecho de iniciativa y refer\u00e9ndum: <\/strong>B\u00fcrgerinnen und B\u00fcrger k\u00f6nnen mit einer Initiative \u00c4nderungen in der Bundesverfassung verlangen. Mit einem Referendum k\u00f6nnen sie fordern, dass parlamentarische Beschl\u00fcsse dem Volk zur definitiven Abstimmung vorgelegt werden. <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>El <strong>Petitionsrecht:<\/strong> Este derecho permite a toda persona (incluidos los inmigrantes) hacer sugerencias, peticiones o quejas por escrito a las autoridades.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"qaef-199\" class=\"qe-faq-toggle politik\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"qe-toggle-title\">\n\t\t\t\t<h4>\n\t\t\t\t\t<i class=\"fa fa-minus-circle\"><\/i> 05. Welche politischen Mitbestimmungsrechte haben Migrantinnen und Migranten?\t\t\t\t<\/h4>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"qe-toggle-content\">\n\t\t\t\t\n<div class=\"inherit-container-width wp-block-group is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignleft size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"300\" height=\"203\" src=\"https:\/\/integration.ow.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/csm_F10-1_Wahlen_Grafikbar_01a8f1ce7d.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-200\" style=\"width:300px;height:203px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Die meisten M\u00f6glichkeiten zur politischen Mitsprache in der Schweiz erfordern das B\u00fcrgerrecht. Sie sind also nur f\u00fcr Schweizerinnen und Schweizer. Einige Kantone haben bereits das\u00a0<strong>Derechos electorales y de voto para las personas de origen inmigrante\u00a0<\/strong>introducido a nivel comunal o cantonal. <br>Migrantinnen und Migranten haben trotzdem in allen Kantonen die M\u00f6glichkeit durch eine <strong>Petition<\/strong>, politisch mitzuwirken.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t            <\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Schweiz Politik Fragen:<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":102,"menu_order":2,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"default","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"disabled","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"disabled","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"default","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-62","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"uagb_featured_image_src":{"full":false,"thumbnail":false,"medium":false,"medium_large":false,"large":false,"1536x1536":false,"2048x2048":false,"trp-custom-language-flag":false},"uagb_author_info":{"display_name":"admin","author_link":"https:\/\/integration.ow.ch\/es\/author\/inow-wpadmin\/"},"uagb_comment_info":0,"uagb_excerpt":"Schweiz Politik Fragen:","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/integration.ow.ch\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/62","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/integration.ow.ch\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/integration.ow.ch\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/integration.ow.ch\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/integration.ow.ch\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=62"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/integration.ow.ch\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/62\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2100,"href":"https:\/\/integration.ow.ch\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/62\/revisions\/2100"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/integration.ow.ch\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/102"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/integration.ow.ch\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=62"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}